Persian Literature

One of the first steps writers took in crafting their contemporary stories was the writing of historical novels. Traditionally, historical novels are grounded in the events of a specific ... Read More One of the first steps writers took in crafting their contemporary stories was the writing of historical novels. Traditionally, historical novels are grounded in the events of a specific period in history, exploring the ontology of the people of that time; they reflect those individuals' psychological, emotional, and behavioral characteristics, and reconstruct the social and political conditions of the era. These early novels were primarily written to reflect a character's life or a historical event and had a more educational aspect (raising awareness about history) for their audiences. However, the philosophical perspectives of the twentieth century cast doubt on the existence of a singular truth (and consequently, on the existence of only one possible narrative). Therefore, it must be acknowledged that as the definition of history changes, so too does the definition of the historical novel, leading to a new genre of historical fiction that is not limited to representing historical events as they appear in historical accounts. Instead, contemporary writers strive to focus on individuals' perceptions of reality, the impact of various perspectives on historical events, skepticism towards history, and a critical view of historical occurrences. Additionally, with the advancement of storytelling, the elements of narrative in these new historical novels have evolved, distancing themselves from the traditional forms that resembled tales and stories of classical literature. This research is a descriptive-analytical study that aims to demonstrate, using the overarching historical approach of Hayden White (an American historian and philosopher) and the narrative theory of Gérard Genette (a French theorist and semiotician), that with the transformation of the historical novel's definition, both its formal and content characteristics also change. Thus, this study analyzes six historical novels written after the Islamic Revolution in terms of content and some narrative and structural features, such as narrative order, frequency, perspective (focalization), characterization, and time and place in the story. Based on this redefinition, three types of historical novels have been identified in the four decades following the victory of the Islamic Revolution, based on content: novels that address neglected aspects of history; novels that reflect the individual and social identity of Iranians while detailing historical events in the traditional historical novel format; and novels that question historical events and approach history with a critical perspective. The structural and narrative characteristics of these three types of novels include the use of first-person narration and internal focalization, which allows the author to present events from the viewpoint of a character in the story, highlighting that individual's perspective on the historical event. There is also a non-linear narrative structure, the use of analepsis, and a modern narrative style that distances these stories from traditional storytelling. The abundance of characters and the focus on overlooked figures in historical accounts, such as women and marginalized individuals, as well as the significance of non-historical characters in shaping events and a novel approach to the elements of time and place, are also pivotal features.

Research Paper

Narrative creation techniques and new meaning of pre-spiritual stories in Mathnavi(A case study of the story of the repentance of the child-eating elephant in the Faraj after the severity and the story of the child-eater pil in Mathnavi)

Elyas Nooraei

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 27-41

Abstract

The spiritual figure is a text of pre-existing texts that Molana, motivated by the creation of a new meaning, has undergone a change in the structure of the narrative pirang. Contemplating ... Read More

Research Paper

The stylistics of Sa’di's pieces and mentioning some new points from his personal life

Omid Majd; Atefeh Ahmadi

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 43-66

Abstract

Background and purpose: This research aims to examine the fragments of Saadi's divan for two purposes. The first purpose of this article is the stylistic analysis of the poet's pieces ... Read More

Research Paper

Methods of Audience Persuasion in Hafez’s Didactic Monothematic Ghazals

Tahereh Ishany

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 67-88

Abstract

Although thematic diversity reaches its peak in Hafez’s ghazals, single-themed ghazals with mystical, didactic, and laudatory themes, among others, can also be found in his works. ... Read More

Research Paper

The Heterotopic Nature of Qalandari Ghazal (With Emphasis on a Ghazal by Fakhruddin Araqi)

Hatef Siahkoohian; Fatemeh Rahimi; Hosein hasanrezaei

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 89-106

Abstract

The Qalandari ghazal, as an anti-genre, directly and indirectly critiques and challenges the symbolic values and general methods of other literary genres by subverting the conventions ... Read More

Research Paper

Analysis of Dual Structures and Mythical Signs in the Poem "Chavoshi" by Mehdi Akhavan Sales Based on Claude Lévi-Strauss's Theories

Reza Ghanbari Abdolmaleki

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 107-131

Abstract

This article applies Claude Lévi-Strauss’s theory of binary oppositions to conduct a structural analysis of Mehdi Akhavan-Sales’s poem Chavoshi. The aim of the study ... Read More

Research Paper

Introducing the manuscript of "Dastor al-Shu'ara" by Mohammad Amani Mazandarani

Ali Mohammad Moazzeni; Behzad Geranmaye

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 133-158

Abstract

The book Dastur al-Shu'ara is one of the comprehensive and instructive works in the field of literary sciences and the art of poetry. This book was authored in 1048 AH by Amani Mazandarani ... Read More

Research Paper

Gul Mohammad Zeib Magsi (Baluch poet) and Iraqi style

Mojib Alrahman Dehani; Abbas Nikbakht; Abdollah Vasegh Abbasi

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 159-178

Abstract

Since the second half of the 6th century, Persian poetry underwent changes due to the emergence of political and social issues, which gave it special characteristics. In fact, since ... Read More

Research Paper

A study of the allegories of "unity of existence" in the quatrains of Najafi Esterabadi

Reza Zakizadeh; Reza Borzoiy; Sharare Elhame; Jamal Ahmadi

Volume 14, Issue 1 , September 2024, Pages 179-206

Abstract

The meaning and concept of unity of existence has been of interest to mystical poetry since ancient times and before Ibn Arabi, although they did not use the specific term of unity ... Read More

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Volume & Issue: Volume 14, Issue 1 - Serial Number 33, September 2024, Pages 1-216

Narrative analysis of modern historical novel (Case study: historical novels after the victory of the revolution)

Abstract

Narrative creation techniques and new meaning of pre-spiritual stories in Mathnavi(A case study of the story of the repentance of the child-eating elephant in the Faraj after the severity and the story of the child-eater pil in Mathnavi)

Abstract

The stylistics of Sa’di's pieces and mentioning some new points from his personal life

Abstract

Methods of Audience Persuasion in Hafez’s Didactic Monothematic Ghazals

Abstract

The Heterotopic Nature of Qalandari Ghazal (With Emphasis on a Ghazal by Fakhruddin Araqi)

Abstract

Analysis of Dual Structures and Mythical Signs in the Poem "Chavoshi" by Mehdi Akhavan Sales Based on Claude Lévi-Strauss's Theories

Abstract

Introducing the manuscript of "Dastor al-Shu'ara" by Mohammad Amani Mazandarani

Abstract

Gul Mohammad Zeib Magsi (Baluch poet) and Iraqi style

Abstract

A study of the allegories of "unity of existence" in the quatrains of Najafi Esterabadi

Abstract