Document Type : Research Paper
Author
univesity of zabol
Abstract
In the discourse and textual analysis of Attar's quatrains, in order to achieve the macro structure of his quatrains (its intellectual and content framework), first his quatrains were divided into two general categories of "powerful" and "defeated" quatrains, and then structures and sub-structures. The values of each category have been determined. In terms of the structures used, all quatrains are divided into three categories: single structure, two structure and three structure. In both categories, the structures of description, recommendation, explanation, as well as the substructures of wish and desire, regret, delay, and surprise are visible. The most important structure in both categories is description, which has its own diversity according to the subject of each chapter. The structure of description includes: description of the state of oneself, God, man and the world. What differentiates these quatrains from each other is the description of the poet's own situation, which in defeated quatrains is usually based on discovery and intuition; And in the empowered quatrains, it is based on Sharia and common literary and mystical traditions. The clarity and clarity of the meaning is the most important feature of the empowered quatrains, and the polysemy, ambiguity, contradiction and tendency towards the metaphorical pole of the language is considered the most important feature of the defeated quatrains of Attar. Although the quatrains are almost like the poet's ghazals, there is not much evidence of the story of Sheikh Sanan and Hallaj, which he dealt with in his other works, especially in his ghazals, and only in a few quatrains there are references to the subject of Qalandriyat. You can see the distance to the story of Sheikh Sanan. These quatrains are considered emotional and lyrical due to the fact that the direction of the speech is often towards the speaker.
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